Boeing 707
The Boeing 707 is a mid-sized, narrow-body, four-engine jet airliner built by Boeing Commercial Airplanes from 1958 to 1979. It was the first jetliner developed and produced by Boeing, revolutionizing the commercial aviation industry by introducing jet travel on a large scale. Here are some key points about the Boeing 707:
Development and Design
- The Boeing 707 was developed from the Boeing 367-80, often called the "Dash 80", which first flew in 1954. This prototype was pivotal in demonstrating the viability of jet-powered commercial transport.
- The design of the Boeing 707 was influenced by military transport planes like the Boeing KC-135, sharing many design features.
- It had a distinctive swept-wing design, which was crucial for its speed and efficiency.
Launch and Initial Service
- The first production model, the 707-120, entered service with Pan American World Airways on October 26, 1958, ushering in the jet age for passenger travel.
- The initial models had a range of about 2,800 to 3,000 miles, which was later extended with the introduction of more powerful engines and stretched versions like the 707-320.
Notable Variants
- 707-120: The original version with Pratt & Whitney JT3C turbojet engines.
- 707-320: An extended version with a fuselage stretched by 8 feet, offering more seats and range.
- 707-420: Featured Rolls-Royce Conway turbofan engines for improved fuel efficiency.
- 720: A shorter version of the 707 designed for shorter routes, with less range but higher performance at takeoff and landing.
Impact on Aviation
- The introduction of the Boeing 707 significantly reduced the time required for transcontinental and transatlantic flights, making air travel more accessible and popular.
- It set the stage for future jet airliners like the Boeing 727, Boeing 737, and Boeing 747.
- The Boeing 707 also played a role in military applications, including as an airborne command post and for VIP transport.
End of Production
- The last commercial Boeing 707 was delivered in 1979, with production ending after 1,010 aircraft were built.
- While the 707 has largely been retired from commercial passenger service, it continues to fly in various roles, including as a cargo plane, and for government and military purposes.
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